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\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u090f\u0915 \u201c\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915\u201d \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u201c\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915\u0906\u0908\u0921\u0940\u201d, \u201c\u0928\u093e\u092e\u201d \u0914\u0930 \u201c\u0908\u092e\u0947\u0932\u201d \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927<\/strong>: \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u090f\u0915 \u201c\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915\u201d \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u201c\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936\u201d \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0926\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u093f\u0928\u0948\u0932\u093f\u091f\u0940<\/strong>: \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u093f\u0928\u0948\u0932\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0926\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940<\/strong>: \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e\u092c\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940<\/strong>: \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092b\u0940\u0932\u094d\u0921 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u094b \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u090f\u0915 \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0947\u092b\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0905\u0916\u0902\u0921\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restack.io\/p\/er-diagram-generation-nosoql-answer-foreign-key\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">10<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0908\u0906\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img alt=\"PlantUML Diagram\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uml.planttext.com\/plantuml\/png\/SoWkIImgAStDuULApIl9BAbKS2ujBidFJIrIgERbKb3GXlCzNHIi53pzGa2YkheWqYynDnKe5kOOvEpX60GISSrDpCn15ghbvO8Rx5-KWZ0LpC4q4YpiabW2CjV5CSGL98Rf0B2fS7VMrEZgvbT3ZRTIACX9J4ujvkLoICrB0ViB0000\"\/><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\">\u0907\u0938 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940, \u201c\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915\u201d \u0914\u0930 \u201c\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936\u201d, \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u201c\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915\u201d \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u201c\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915\u0906\u0908\u0921\u0940\u201d \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u201c\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936\u201d \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u201c\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915\u0906\u0908\u0921\u0940\u201d \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u201c\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915\u201d \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948<a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/plantuml.com\/er-diagram\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">11<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0908\u0906\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img alt=\"PlantUML Diagram\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uml.planttext.com\/plantuml\/png\/SoWkIImgAStDuULApIl9BAbK22ufoizBTuLmgdcv51IqKSGyNHIi53pzGa0okheWqh6af2WpgRGarH0e4-OOvEpX6CJBLSlB1JSpF3Kn6zb4Y3w4ABAPsEq2cuRYj9eQNTtyQcIZhHGoKq0MfcMc5lDoEQJcfO3z1G00\"\/><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">\u0907\u0938 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u201c\u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930\u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940\u201d \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u201c\u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930\u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940\u0906\u0908\u0921\u0940\u201d \u0914\u0930 \u201c\u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924\u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940\u201d \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/plantuml.com\/er-diagram\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">11<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>\u092c\u0941\u0915\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0930 ERD \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923<\/h2>\n<p id=\"eoLDnEh\"><img alt=\"\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-685\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"418\" loading=\"lazy\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 663px) 100vw, 663px\" src=\"https:\/\/flavorfiesta.foodiesconnect.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_67da779b231b1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flavorfiesta.foodiesconnect.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_67da779b231b1.png 663w, https:\/\/flavorfiesta.foodiesconnect.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/img_67da779b231b1-300x189.png 300w\" width=\"663\"\/><\/p>\n<h3>\u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940\u091c \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u0947\u092c\u0932\u094d\u0938<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e\u094d\u0938<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u0906\u0908\u0921\u0940<\/code>: \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940, \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0964<\/li>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u0928\u093e\u092e<\/code>: varchar(255), \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/code>: varchar(255), \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/strong>: \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e\u094d\u0938<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u0906\u0908\u0921\u0940<\/code>: \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940, \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0964<\/li>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u0936\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0915<\/code>: varchar(255), \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915<\/code>: varchar(255), \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u0906\u0908\u090f\u0938\u092c\u0940\u090f\u0928<\/code>: varchar(255), \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f<\/code>: float(10), \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940_\u0906\u0908\u0921\u0940<\/code>: \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940, \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<code class=\"\">\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940(id)<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/strong>: \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li><code class=\"\">id<\/code>: \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940, \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0964<\/li>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0924\u093f\u0925\u093f<\/code>: \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0964<\/li>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u0915\u0941\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f<\/code>: \u092b\u094d\u0932\u094b\u091f(10), \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915_id<\/code>: \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940, \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<code class=\"\">\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915(id)<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/strong>: \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li><code class=\"\">id<\/code>: \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940, \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0964<\/li>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u0928\u093e\u092e<\/code>: varchar(255), \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u092a\u0924\u093e<\/code>: varchar(255), \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u0908\u092e\u0947\u0932<\/code>: varchar(255), \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/strong>: \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0911\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0911\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0930<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u0911\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0930_id<\/code>: \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940, \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u0911\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0930(id)<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><code class=\"\">\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915_id<\/code>: \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940, \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915(id)<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/strong>: \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0911\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092c\u0939\u0941-\u0938\u0947-\u092c\u0939\u0941 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0911\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u090f\u0915-\u0938\u0947-\u092c\u0939\u0941 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915<\/strong>: \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940_id<\/code>\u00a0\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915<\/code>\u00a0\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u092c\u0939\u0941-\u0938\u0947-\u092c\u0939\u0941 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915<\/strong>: \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0908 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/code>\u00a0\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/code>\u00a0\u0914\u0930\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940<\/strong>: \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f,\u00a0<code class=\"\">id<\/code>\u00a0\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940<\/code>,\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915<\/code>,\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/code>, \u0914\u0930\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915<\/code>\u00a0\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940<\/strong>: \u090f\u0915 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092b\u0940\u0932\u094d\u0921 (\u092f\u093e \u092b\u0940\u0932\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939) \u091c\u094b \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f,\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940_\u0906\u0908\u0921\u0940<\/code>\u00a0\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915<\/code>\u00a0\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u00a0<code class=\"\">id<\/code>\u00a0\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940<\/code>\u00a0\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940<\/strong>: \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940<\/code>\u00a0\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f ID, \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915<\/strong>: \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915<\/code>\u00a0\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f ID, \u0936\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0915, \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915, ISBN, \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915<\/strong>: \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915<\/code>\u00a0\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f ID, \u0928\u093e\u092e, \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0908\u092e\u0947\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/strong>: \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/code>\u00a0\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f ID, \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0924\u093f\u0925\u093f, \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/strong>:\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/code>\u00a0\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092c\u0939\u0941-\u0938\u0947-\u092c\u0939\u0941 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/code>\u00a0\u0914\u0930\u00a0<code class=\"\">\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915<\/code>\u00a0\u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"auto\">\u092f\u0939 \u0908\u0906\u0930\u0921\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0922\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<h3>\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u091c\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0921\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"auto\">\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0921\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0942\u090f\u092e\u090f\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0908\u0906\u0930 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u092b\u094d\u0932\u094b\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0921 \u092e\u0948\u092a \u0924\u0915\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0921\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0921\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 UML, ERD, DFD, BPMN, ArchiMate, \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f, \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0921 \u092e\u0948\u092a \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916\u0923 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092d\u0940-\u090f\u0915-\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u00a0<a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/diagrams\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">15<\/a><a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/diagrams.visual-paradigm.com\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">16<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e-\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u092b\u0947\u0938<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0907\u0938 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u092b\u0947\u0938 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928-\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u092b\u0947\u0938 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u0930 \u0924\u094d\u0935\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0902\u00a0<a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/circle.visual-paradigm.com\/docs\/diagramming-and-modeling\/diagram-editing\/creating-diagrams\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">17<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0921\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932-\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u0908 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u091f\u0940\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e, \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0909\u091c\u093c\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0938-\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u00a0<a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/diagrams\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">15<\/a><a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/app\/diagrams\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">18<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0947\u091f<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0907\u0938 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923, \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u091c\u093e\u0902\u091a \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0902 \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0964 \u0905\u0928\u0926\u094b \u0930\u093f\u0921\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0920, \u0928\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u091b\u0935\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u00a0<a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/circle.visual-paradigm.com\/docs\/diagramming-and-modeling\/diagram-editing\/creating-diagrams\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">17<\/a><a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/diagrams\/solutions\/free-online-diagram-editor\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">19<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0924\u0924\u093e<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0921\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 MS Office \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 IDEs \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926\u0940\u0926\u093e \u090f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u0926\u0947\u0916 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u00a0<a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/diagrams\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">15<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u092e\u0941\u092b\u094d\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0921\u093e\u0907\u092e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0941\u092b\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u091f\u0940\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u00a0<a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/diagrams\/solutions\/free-visual-paradigm-online\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">20<\/a><a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/diagrams\/solutions\/free-online-diagram-editor\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">19<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u091f\u0947\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0932\u0947\u091f \u0932\u093e\u0907\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0940<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0907\u0938 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092c\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u091f\u0947\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0932\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u091f\u0947\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0932\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e\u093e\u0907\u091c\u093c \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">21<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0921\u093e\u0907\u0917\u094d\u092e \u0915\u094b \u0928\u090f \u092b\u0940\u091a\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u091f\u0940\u092e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u0935\u0940\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0924\u094d\u0935\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">21<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u0938\u093e\u092c\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0921\u093e\u0907\u0917\u094d\u092e \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u0949\u0930\u091a\u0942\u0928 500 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092c\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u092e\u0902\u0926 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/www.visual-paradigm.com\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">22<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u0932\u093e\u092d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0921\u093e\u0907\u0917\u094d\u092e \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u0932\u093e\u092d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092b\u0940\u091a\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0924\u0915 \u092e\u0941\u092b\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0906\u0908\u091f\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u091c\u094d\u091e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0917\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<a class=\"mi-ref cursor-pointer align-super text-muted fade-in hover:underline\" data-state=\"closed\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/diagrams\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">15<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"auto\">\u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940-\u0930\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928\u0936\u093f\u092a (ER) \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e\u092c\u0947\u0938 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f 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